Printing telegraphy



May 29, 1934. G. A. GRAHAM 1.960.242

PRINTING TELEGRAPHY Filed April 18, 1932 2 Sheets-sheet 1 llll|lllllllll|l|.IIIIIIIIJ l l I l l I I I I I l l I l l l l l l l l I l l l l I l I l Il G. A. GRAHAM %0,242

PRINTING TELEGRAPHY Filed April 18, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l l l l l I May 29, 1934.

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Patented May 29, 1934 .NETED STATES trice Claims.

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 757) The invention described herein may be manuiactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes, without the payment to me of any royalty thereon. i

This invention relates to the control over a single grounded line or metallic circuit of two or more printing telegraph instruments, or any other device, and is an improvement over my Patent #1,820,737, dated August 25, 1931.

@ne of the main objects of this invention is to provide a means of control over a single grounded line of two or more sending-receiving printing telegraph instruments located at distances apart, in such a manner that operation is assured at all times irrespective of whether the local or distant transmitting contacts (of the printing telegraph machines) are open or closed.

That designating two stations as A and B, A and B may be started if at rest from either A or B irrespective of whether the transmitting contacts at A or B are open or closed; and if running, may be stopped from A or B irrespective of where started. Furthermore, that this means of control is entirely automatic such that in starting both A and B instruments from A, no attendant is required at B to perform any function Whatever and vice versa.

It should be stated that in normal printer operation the local or distant machine, or both ma.- chines, may come to rest, upon being stopped by any method, with the transmitting contacts open upon many occasions. These transmitting contacts are directly in the line circuit and should either machine come to rest with the these contacts open, the line circuit is open at that point. With the circuit arrangements as disclosed in Paten-t 1,820,737, if the transmitting contacts at the local station or the distant station were open, the line would be open at that point and starting battery could not be applied throughout the circuit. The advantage of this improvement should therefore be apparent.

Another main object of this invention is to provide all the features enumerated in Patent 1,820,787 with the additional feature of eliminatthe undesirable characteristic of printing telegraph practice above mentioned.

Another main object oi this invention is to provide a remote control system for the control of any electrical or electrical mechanical device in such a manner as to be independent of the condition (whether open or closed) of the switch or key at the distant station.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the circuit arrangements of this means of control in conjunction with the circuits of two sending-receiving printing telegraph instruments or stations of well known make, presumably located at distances apart.

Fig. 1 shows the method of using two line batteries at each station.

Fig. 2 shows the method of using one line battery with center tap at each station.

Referring now to these drawings and particularly to Fig. 1, two sending-receiving printing telegraph stations are shown diagrammatically, one in the inclosure designated A, and one in the inclosure designated B, connected together by the single line wire, 1. At station A, the circuits and apparatus Within the sub-inclosure C represent the sending-receiving printing telegraph instrument proper. At station B, an identical sendingreceiving printing telegraph instrument is represented in those circuits and appartus within the sub-inclosure D. The operation of the printing telegraph instrument is well known in the art and will not be described in detail herein except only insofar as is necessary to make the operation of the control methods under this invention clear.

The instrument in sub-inclosure C, at station A, consists of a keyboard transmitter, aprinting unit, driving motor, and starting and stopping devices. The keyboard transmitter contacts are shown at 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 operating on the common contact 5. Contact 6 is the so-called start-stop contact. In commercial practice and in my previous method of control this contact has been considered as normally closed when the machine is not in operation or while in operation no line signals are being transmitted. However, the machine may be stopped in such a manner, and this situation frequently occurs, that this contact remains open. The line circuit is then open, and previous control circuits were ineffective under this condition. In this case it will be assumed that the machine is at rest with contact 6 open. The other contacts 7, 8,. 9, 10 and 11 are signalling contacts operating in accordance with the Baudot code in this instance, as controlled by the keyboard and driving motor. The printer unit selecting magnet, or magnets, which is the receiving element, is shown at 44 controlled by the signals through the line relay 39 by means of the local circuit battery 50, wire 46, magnet 4A, wire 47, fuse 48, wire 49, armature 41, front contact l0 and wire 67. The line relay 39 is the usual line relay and selected according to the line and battery used. A polarized relay 33 is shown, the windings of which are in the line circuit, to be described later. For proper functioning in conjunction with the control methods claimed by me, it is to be understood that this polarized relay should be without bias and so adjusted that the armature stays at that pole and contact to which it was last moved. Also that for the polarized relay 33, be it understood that upon current owing through the relay windings from terminal 68 to terminal 69, armature 31 moves over to contact 30 and stays there whether the current flow is broken or not. Reciprocally upon a current flowing through the relay windings from terminal 69 to terminal 68, armature 31 moves over to contact 32. It will then be seen that the position of the armature 31 determines whether the local circuit, battery 28, wire 29, armature 31, Contact 30, wire 51, relay winding 34, wire 68', and wire 27, is open or closed, and if closed, relay 34 is energized which closes contacts 35 and 36. Now the closing of these contacts 35 and 36 starts the driving motor of the instrument by a conventional circuit not shown, and` if closed and the motor running, the opening of these contacts 35 and 36 stops the motor.

Now at station B the instrument in sub-inclosure D is identical in all respects with that just described at station A, sub-inclosure C. It will then be seen that we have two sendingreceiving printing telegraph instruments con# neot'ed by the single line, 1, in the conventional manner from terminal 69, wire 16, break key 15, contact 14, wire 13, polarized relay 33, wire 12, fuse 3, wire 2, line relay 39, line l, line relay 73, wire 74, break key 75, contact 76, wire 77, polarized relay 80, wire 81, fuse 89, and terminal 72. Terminal 157 lat C is connected by wire 161 to the transmitting contacts 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6 and 5 and thence by wire. 162 to terminal 158. Terminal 159 at D is connected by wire 163 to the transmitting contacts 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, and 87m) and thence by wire 164 to terminal 160. Now the method of continuing these circuits from terminals 69, 157 and 158, at station A, to battery and ground, with the insertion of certain interacting devices to perform a given function, and the method of completion thereof from terminals 72, 159 and 160, at station B, to battery and ground, with the insertion of certain interacting devices to perform a given function constitutes the method of control claimed by me.

At station A, 91 is a telephone switchboard cam lever key, nonlocking in both positions, with cam 60 and spring combinations shown in normal position. Any type of switching device designed for various voltages and properly arranged to function in the same manner as shown may be substituted for this key. 55 and 65 are batteries poled and connected to ground as shown; 52 is a relay of any type desired that moves an armature 23 from a back contact 22, to a front contact 24 upon the relay winding being energized, and returns the armature 23 from the front contact 24 to the back contact 22 upon the relay windings being de-energized. The windings of relay 52 are connected in parallel with the windings of the motor starting relay 34 with respect to battery 28, by wire 25 and 26. Both relays 34 and 52 are operated bythe armature 31 and contact 30 of the polarized relay 33.

At station B an identical arrangement is made, 92 is the nonlocking telephone key, with cam 96 and spring combinations shown in normal position. As for station A, any type of switching device designed for any voltage and properly arranged to function in the same manner as shown, may be substituted for this key. 94 and 95 are batteries poled and connected to ground as shown. 93 is the relay with operating characteristics identical to relay 52 of station A and so connected. The motor starting relay 123 and relay 93 are also operated by the armature 121 and contact 120 of the polarized relay 80 being in parallel 01T of circuit shown by wire 117, battery 116, wire 119, armature 121, contact 120, and wire 128.

It is believed that the character of the equipment has been sufliciently described to now consider its operation. With both instruments C and D at rest, and keys 91 and 92 normal, the line circuit is grounded at both ends, as is peculiar to open circuit practice, each instrument being in a position to receive a signal from the other station. It is to be noted that the continuity of this line circuit at this instant from ground 143 at station A to ground 146 at station B, is entirely independent of the condition of contact 6 at station A and contact 87 at station B. By condition is meant whether open or closed. The circuit is, starting at ground 143 of station A, wire 20, contact 22, armature 23, wire 19, key spring 59, key spring 58, wire 18, key spring 63, key spring 62, wire 17, terminal 69, wire 16, break key 15, wire 13, polarized relay 33, wire 12, fuse 3, wire 2, line relay 39, line Wire l, line relay 73, wire 74, break key 75, Wire 77, polarized relay S0, wire 81, fuse 89, Wire 90, key spring 98, key spring 99, wire 103, key spring 101, key spring 102, wire 109, armature 113, rear contact 112, wire 110, to ground 146. It will be observed that there is no battery to line in rest position. Let us suppose it is desired to start from station A, the operator at A moves the cam 60 of key 91 to the left, the circuit is then from ground 144, wire 56, battery 55 presenting positive to line, wire 54, key spring 57, key spring 58, wire 18, key spring 63, key spring 62, wire 17, terminal 69, wire 16, break key 15, contact 14, wire 13, polarized relay 33, wire 12, fuse 3, wire 2, line relay 39, line wire 1, line relay 73, wire 74, break key 75, contact 76, wire 77, polarized relay 80, wire 81, fuse 89, wire 90, key spring 98, key spring 99, wire 103, key spring 101, key spring 102, wire 109, armature 113, rear contact 112, wire 110, to ground 146. With the current flowing in this direction the polarized relay 33 moves its armature over to contact 30 where it stays as long as the current is in this direction or if the circuit is subsequently opened. The polarized relay acts in the same manner with current in this direction and moves its armature 121 over to contact 120 where it stays, current in this direction or no current. Polarized relay 33 has thereby closed the local C circuits from battery 28, wire 29, armature 31, Contact 30, wire 51, relay 34 windings, wire 68, wire 27, and likewise the parallel circuit of wire 26, relay windings 52 and wire 25. Relay 34 is thereby energized closing its contacts 35 and 36 and so starting the driving motor of instrument C. It should be stated at this point that one of the characteristics of the printer is that as soon as the motor starts running contact 6 is closed. even although previously open, due to a cam and clutch comprised in the transmitting mechanism. Therefore, the motor at C being in motion, the previously assumed open contact 6 is closed. Obviously, this same condition applies to the motor at D and contact 87. Relay 52 is also energized and moves armature 23 over to contact 24. This action provides a circuit from ground 144, wire 56, battery 55, wire 54, wire 4, transmitting contacts 5 and 6, wire 53, contact 24,

armature 23, wire 19, key spring 57, key spring 58, wire 18, key spring 63, key spring 62, and wire 7. In preparation for the operator releasing the key 91 to return to normal, it will be seen that the relay locks up a circuit about the key upon the keys restoration in which the transmitting contacts are inserted. The transmitting contacts are then in series in the line circuit. The operator accordingly releases the key which returns to normal and instrument C is in operative condition. Also as noted before the polarized relay 80 has moved its armature 121 over to contact 120 and relay 123 is energized by circuit from battery 118, wire 119, armature 121, contact 120, wire 128, relay winding 123, wire 125, wire 117, likewise relay 93 is energized in the parallel circuit formed by wire 115, relay winding 93, and wire 116. Relay 123 closes its contacts 124 and 142 thus operating the driving motor of instrument D and relay 93 moves its armature 113 over to contact 114, thereby also locking up a circuit about key 92 which connects the line circuit to battery 95 and ground, and inserts the transmitting contacts at station B in the line circuit.

Battery 55 at A station is now in series aiding in the line circuit with battery 95 at B station. The line circuit in its entirety is then: ground 144, wire 56, battery 55, wire 54, wire 4, transmitting contacts 5, 6, wire 53 and contact 24, armature 23, wire 19, key spring 59, key spring 58, wire 18, key spring 63, key spring 62, wire 17, wire 16, break key 15, wire 13, polarized relay winding 33, wire l2, fuse 3, wire 2, line relay windings 39, line wire 1, line relay windings 73, wire 74, break key 75, wire 77, polarized relay windings 80, wire 81, fuse 89, wire 90, key spring 98, key spring 99, wire 103, key spring 101, key spring 102, wire 109, armature 113, contact 114, wire 108, transmitting contacts 87 and 87 (a), wire 88, wire 104, battery 95, wire 105, to ground 147. The instrument C at station A, and the instrument D at station B, have their motors running and may be operated at will from either station by the usual method of keyboard operation of the transmitting contacts or tape operation of these contacts. The making and breaking of the signalling contacts of the transmitters do not affect the polarized relays, but do aiect the two line relays 39 and 73 which in turn operate the printer selecting magnets 44 and 139, respectively. These local circuits are for relay 39, from battery 50, wire 67, contact 40, armature 41, wire 49, fuse 48, wire 47, printer selecting magnet 44, wire 46, return to battery; for relay 73, from battery 136, wire 135, fuse 133, wire 131, printer selecting magnet 130, wire 132, wire 134, contact 139, armature 138, wire 141, return to battery. Both instruments have accordingly been started from A and are operative at either A or B and the starting thereof has not in any way required the assistance of an operator at B and is independent of whether contacts 5 and 6, or 87 and 87(a) are open or closed at the instant of starting. Similarly by exactly the same process of moving his key to the left, an operator at B could have started up A and B without any assistance from A.

With both instruments running and operative, they may now be stopped from either station without requiring any act at the distant station, by the movement of cam 60 of key 91 at station A to the right or by the movement of cam 96 of key 92 to the right at station B. In either case the result is the same, and is to present battery of opposite polarity to that used for starting and transmitting to line, and hence current in the opposite direction through the polarized relays 33 and 123 which moves the armatures to the open position. It must be understood that ba*- tery at station A and battery 94 at station B are of a higher voltage than battery 55 at station A and of battery 95 at station B. The amount of this dilerence is determined by the allowable adjustment of the polarized relay. It has been found by experiment that a very satisfactory arrangement is to have battery 65 twice the voltage of battery 55 at A, and battery 94 twice the voltage of battery 95 at B, it being realized that the stopping batteries 65 and 94 are only in circuit for a brief instant. Assuming that it is desired to stop both instruments from station A, the operator moves the cam 60 of key 91 to the right position and then releases it to normal being nonlocking. In this interval, negative battery 65 is presented to line and positive battery 55 is removed from line at key spring 63. The circuit is from ground 145, wire 66, battery 65, wire 64, key spring 61, key spring 62, wire 17, wire 16, break key 15, wire 13, polarized relay winding 33, wire l2, fuse 3, wire 2, line relay windings 39, wire 1, line relay winding 73, wire 74, break key 75, wire 77, polarized relay windings 80, wire 81, fuse 89, wire 90, key spring 98, key spring 99, wire 103, key spring 101, key spring 102, wire 109, armature 113, contact 114, (relay 93 being energized), wire 108, transmitting contacts 87 and 87(a), Wire 88, wire 104, battery 95, wire 105, to ground 147. Accordingly the armature 3l of polarized relay 33 moves from contact 30 over to contact 32, which de-energizes relay 34 which in turn opens contacts 35 and 36 thereby stopping the A station motor. Relay 52 is also de-energized returning to normal under section of spring 21. Likewise armature 121 of polarized relay 80 moves from contact 120 over to contact 122 which de-energizes relay 123 thereby stopping B station motor. Relay 93 is also de-energized returning to normal. Now upon the operator at A releasing his key, all circuits throughout are restored to rest or normal position. Whereas we considered that A station performed the operation of stopping both stations, Jthe same effect would have been produced if we had moved cam 96 of key 92 at station B to the right only, in this case battery 94 at B station would have been put in series opposing with battery 55 at A station, and it being borne in mind that battery 94 is of greater voltage than battery 55.

The method of using one line battery with center tap at each station will be understood by an examination of Fig. 2, in which the inclosure A is one station and the inclosureB is another station connected together by the single line wire 1. All equipment is identical as described previously for Fig. l, except in the key spring combinations of keys 155 and 156, the arrangement thereof, and the vmanner of wiring from the keys to battery ground, and the transmitting contacts.

Assume that we desire to start both machines from stations A and assume that the transmitting contacts 5 and 6 at C, and 89 and 90 at D, are inadvertently open with both machines at rest. The operator moves cam 57 of key 155 to the left and the starting circuit is from ground 152, wire 68, key spring 66, keyv spring 65, wire 71, battery 72 (positive to line negative to ground), wire 69, l f

key spring 62, key spring 63, wire 6l, key spring 54, spring 55 (being operated), wire 18, key spring 60, key spring 59, wire 17 and 16, break key 15, contact 14, wire 13, polarized relay 33, wire 4, fuse 3, wire 2, line relay 39, line wire 1, line relay 76, wire-77, break key 79, contact 80, Wire 81, polarized relay 82, Wire 83, fuse 92, Wire 94, key spring 96, key spring 97, wire 101, key spring 99, key spring 100, Wire 118, armature 121, rear contact 120, wire 124 to ground 153 thereby completing the circuit and a current will ilow of a Value dependent upon the voltage of battery 72 and the resistance of the circuit. As in the case for Fig. 1, it will be noted that the continuity vof the line circuit from ground to ground is independent of the condition of the transmitting contacts. Accordingly polarized-relay 33 at station A moves its armature over to contact 30 which operates relays 34 and 52. Relay 34 starts the motor of machine C by closing its contacts 35 and 36 it being realized that the motor and power source are connected to points 37 and 38. Relay"52 moves armature 23 over to front contact 24 providing a circuit, Wire 19 and 53, around the key as a lock so that when the key is released continuity is preserved. Also at station B, polarized relay 82 has moved its armature 132 over to contact 131 which similarly operates relays 134 and 119. As at station A, relay 134 starts the motor of machine D and relay 119 moves its armature 121 over to contact 122. This action now puts battery 113 into circuit and poled properly with battery 72 for operation of line current signals. Also as stated before the fact of the motors starting closes contact 6 to common contact 5 at C and contact 89 to common contact 90 at D Which Were originally assumed to be open. The circuit in this case is Wire 118, armature 121, contact 122, Wire 177, transmitting contact 89, common contact 90, Wire 91, Wire 102, key spring 105, key spring 104, Wire 115, battery 113, (negative to line and positive to ground) Wire 112, key spring 107, key spring 108, Wire 110, to ground 154. Both machines C and D are now operative and function as determined by the line signalling impulses set up by the transmitting contacts 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 at C, or 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89 and 90 at D, as the case may be. The transmitting contacts are keyboard or tape operated as is'Well known in the art. Polarized relays 33 and 82 stay in the operative position Whether there is current on the line or not by denition.

To stop from let us say station A, key 155 is operated by moving cam 57 to the right. The circuit then is starting at ground 152, Wire 68, key spring 66, key spring 67, wire 74, battery 73 (with positive to ground), battery 72 (series with 73), wire 71, strap tol key spring 64, Wire 7.0, key spring 58, key spring 59, Wire 17, Wire 16, break key 15, contact 14, Wire 13, polarized relay 33, Wire 4, fuse 3, wire 2, line relay 39, line 1, line relay 76, Wire 77, break key 79, contact 80, wire 81, polarized relay 82, Wire 83, fuse 92, Wire 94, key spring 96, key spring 97, Wire 101, key spring 99, key spring 100, Wire 118, armature 121, front contact 122, wire 117, transmitting contacts 89 and 90, wire 91, Wire 102, key spring 105, key spring 104, Wire 115, battery 113, Wire 112, key spring 107, key spring 108, Wire 110, ground 154. In this circuit batteries 72 and 73 are put in series with each other with positive to ground and negative to line, and battery 113 is in opposition thereto having positive to ground and negative to line. But battery 72 and 113 are equal in voltages and neutralize each other so the additional voltage of battery 73 causes a current to flow over the line and through the polarized relays in a reverse direction to that used for starting. Accordingly polarized relay 33 moves its armature over to contact 32 and polarized relay 82 moves its armature over to contact 133; Relays 34, 52, 134 and l119 are thereby de-energized, machines stop, and line at station B is grounded by relay 119 armature 121 returning to contact 120. And upon key 155 at station A being released the line is grounded at that end by relay 52 armature 23 returning to contact 22. Hence both stations are receptive to future operation.

The same action is claimed for metallic return circuits instead of ground return. If metallic circuit is used through cable, dependent upon the capacity of the cable, a high resistance shunt should be placed across the line at each station so that the charge may leak ol upon releasing the stop key, and not start the machines up again by condenser discharge through the polarized relays to ground.

It will beV manifest to those skilled in the art that the control means provided are particularly applicable to subscriber printing telegraph service. I

I claim:

1. In a system of the character described, a plurality of stations and transmitting contacts at each station; a line circuit interconnecting said stations; and remote control means at one station for operating another station in the system independently of the position of said contacts.

2. In a system of the character described, a plurality of stations and transmitting contacts at each station; a line circuit interconnecting said stations; and remote control means including circuit components at one station for operating another station in the system independently of the position of said contacts at either station.

3. A system of the character described, comprising a plurality of stations and including transmitting contacts at each station; a single grounded line circuit interconnecting said stations; and remote control means including control circuits responsive to said means and operable at a sending station through said line circuit for controlling a receiving station in the system independently of the position of said contacts. l

4. A printing-telegraph system, comprising a plurality of sending-receiving stations provided With transmitting contacts; a line circuit interconnecting said stations; and control means including circuit components at a sending station, and operable through said line circuit, for start ing and stopping a receiving station in the system irrespective of the position of the transmitting contacts at'either station.

5. A printing-telegraph system, comprising a plurality of sending-receiving stations and including transmitting contacts operative at each station; a single line circuit interconnecting said stations and normally open when at rest; a control circuit for each station normally open when at rest and operable through said line circuit independently of the open or closed position of the said contacts.

6. A printing-telegraph system, comprising a plurality of sending-receiving stations provided with transmitting contacts, said contacts being normally in the line circuit and normally biased to closed position; a single line circuit interirc connecting said stations and normally open at 7. A printing-telegraph system, comprising a plurality of sending-receiving stations provided each with transmitting-contacts, said contacts being normally in the line circuit and normally biased to closed position; a single line circuit interconnecting said stations; control means in said circuit for starting and stopping one station; and circuit means operable through said line circuit and responsive to said control means for starting and stopping a receiving station in the system independently of the position of said contacts, all circuits being normally open when at rest.

8. A printing-telegraph system, comprising a plurality of sending-receiving stations and including transmitting contacts at each station, said contacts being normally in the line circuit and normally biased to closed position; a single line circuit interconnecting said stations; and means for controlling starting and stopping operations oi a receiving station from a sending station, including a control circuit for each station operable through said line circuit and independently of the open or closed position of said contacts, each circuit being in open circuit condition when at rest.

9. A printing-telegraph system, comprising a 5 plurality of sending-receiving stations, each station being provided with transmitting contacts, said contacts being normally in the line circuit and normally biased to closed position; a single line circuit interconnecting said stations; a control circuit for each station and operable through the said line circuit irrespective of the open or closed position of said transmitting contacts; and means in each control circuit for starting and stopping any receiving station in the system through the line circuit, all circuits being open at rest periods.

10. A printing-telegraph system, comprising a plurality of sendingmreceiving stations, each station being provided with transmitting contacts, said contacts being normally in the line circuit and normally biased to closed position; a single grounded line circuit interconnecting said stations; and means for effecting starting and stopping operations of any receiving station :from any sending station, including a single grounded control circuit for each station operable through said line circuit and independently of the open or closed position of said transmitting contacts,

each circuit being in open circuit condition at rest periods.

GEORGE A. GRAHAM. 

